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28-Aug-2024
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Every product-whether electronic, pharmaceutical, or even clothing-will encounter environmental conditions, and multiple environmental factors. Humidity, temperature, and moisture, are three of the most unpredictable, and harmful components. High humidity promotes corrosion, mildew growth and mold , electrical failures, and material degradation. And if you manufacture products for worldwide resale, you simply can't afford to look the other way, when it comes to performance in high-humidity situations.
Then, the challenge is clear: how do you ensure that your product can stand high levels of humidity, over an extended period of time?
A climate chamber is specially designed, highly specialized equipment that can accurately simulate a wide range of humidities in a controlled environment. Thus, the manufacturer is given the opportunity to conduct durability, and functionality tests of their products, under defined conditions of humidity. But how does such equipment work? Let's learn about the working principle of a humidity chamber.
The basic principle of operation fundamental in a humidity chamber is temperature, and moisture control to provide an accurate, stable environment. How it works includes:
The heating and cooling systems are fitted in the chamber, which is able to adjust the inner temperature of the chamber precisely. Such systems, in collaboration, are able to create the exact temperature, which is needed for the test. If the test requires a certain high temperature in humidity, then the chamber's heating system will take the temperature up to the desired level.
In contrast, if your test requires lower temperatures, then the cooling system will be able to bring the temperature down accordingly.
This is provided through an onboard tank, or possibly by being directly connected into a water supply. The water is utilized in generating the humidity inside the chamber.
In the chamber, the humidification system generally consists of one of the two, ultrasonic or steam generation, which introduces moisture into the air. The amount added, controls the quantity of moisture for the attainment of the desired level of humidity. For instance, when the test needs 80% relative humidity, the humidification system will keep on adding moisture until that level is attained.
Sensors and Controllers: The chamber will also be installed with sensors that will monitor continuously the humidity, and temperature, maintaining it within a particular level. These sensors give feedback to the control system, which in turn adjusts humidification and dehumidification processes, in order for them to maintain a stable environment.
If it begins to rise above the set-point, action will be taken by the chamber either by turning down the moisture addition, or by initiating a dehumidification process, to return it to the set-point.
The fans inside the chamber circulate the air for homogeneous distribution of humidity and temperature. This prevents the occurrence of hot or humid spots, therefore making sure that the whole area, where the test is performed, has been uniformly exposed to the same condition.
Condensation System: In a case where the humidity requires lowering, this is where the condensation system occurs within the chamber. This is in the form of air cooling to such a level whereby the additional moisture will condense and get removed from the air in order to attain the set point of relative humidity.
User Interface: It is controlled at an intuitive interface, normally a touchscreen panel, where desired temperature and humidity can be set, current values viewed in real time, and parameters changed according to need.
In a world where environmental conditions can suddenly change with unannounced severity, knowing that your products will rise above any form of attack is always a plus. Thus, the humidity chamber becomes an important tool in creating those conditions, and testing their durability before they come into the hands of consumers. Knowing how a humidity chamber works, and its importance allows you to create or develop products, surely meeting the expectations of people in its quality, and durability.
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Usually, distilled or deionized water is to be used, because it reduces mineral build-up, and it guarantees accuracy in humidity control. Usage of tap water could result in scaling with possible contamination of the chamber.
Humidity chambers vary in size, ranging from small benchtop models used in the test of small components to large walk-in chambers that may house whole assemblies or product batches.
Common materials usually tested are metals, plastics, composites, textiles, electronics, and packaging material. The chamber aids in ascertaining the reaction of these materials with moisture and temperature over a period of time.
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